GRI Sustainability Reporting for Companies Under the GRI Standards

We prepare your GRI sustainability report: materiality analysis, selection of the applicable GRI Standards, data collection, drafting and verification. You comply with GRI and prepare ahead for the move to CSRD/ESRS.

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Current version of the standards
GRI 2021
GRI 2021 mandatory use
Since 2023
Universal standards
GRI 1, 2 and 3
Emissions standard
GRI 305

GRI reporting for your type of company

Listed companies subject to the CSRD, SMEs that report voluntarily, the financial sector or companies in the value chain: each profile has different GRI needs.

Listed companies / CSRD

GRI as the basis for the move to ESRS

“Companies that already report under GRI have a clear advantage when the CSRD applies: GRI data and processes can be reused to build the ESRS report. We design the bridge between the two frameworks.”

Voluntary SMEs

A GRI report as a competitive edge

“SMEs that report under GRI voluntarily gain credibility with customers, lenders and investors. The GRI for SMEs standard makes proportionate, workable reporting possible.”

Financial sector

GRI, SFDR and integrated reporting

“Banks, asset managers and insurers combine GRI reporting with their SFDR disclosure obligations. The GRI index supports consistency and avoids duplication in sustainability information.”

Value chain

GRI for suppliers of large companies

“If you supply a company subject to the CSDDD or the CSRD, you will be asked for sustainability data. Having a GRI report, or a data system aligned with GRI, makes it easier to answer customer questionnaires.”

Why is GRI reporting important?

Not having a GRI sustainability report, or having a poorly prepared one, creates growing regulatory, reputational and commercial risks.

Exclusion from public tenders and contracts: more and more public authorities and large companies require proof of GRI sustainability reporting as a condition for access to contracts and tenders.

Loss of access to sustainable finance: banks and funds apply ESG criteria when granting credit and green bonds. Without verifiable sustainability data, your company is left out of these financing lines.

Competitive disadvantage in the value chain: large companies subject to the CSDDD require GRI data from their suppliers. Not having it can mean being cut out of the supply chain of strategic customers.

CSRD Mandatory since 2024

Companies that already report under GRI will be better prepared to comply with the CSRD. Those that have not started with GRI will be at a disadvantage when the ESRS obligation arrives.

Greenwashing Regulatory risk

A poorly prepared GRI report, or one with unverifiable data, can be treated as greenwashing under the new Green Claims Directive, with penalties and reputational damage.

GRI Standards 2021 Universal framework

The 2021 GRI Standards are the most widely used sustainability reporting framework in the world: more than 10,000 companies in over 100 countries publish GRI reports every year.

Does your company need a GRI report?

We assess your situation, select the applicable GRI Standards and prepare your sustainability report: materiality, data, drafting, GRI index and preparation for verification.

GRI and sustainability: common questions

What are the GRI Standards?

The GRI Standards (Global Reporting Initiative) are the most widely used international framework for preparing sustainability reports. They set out how organizations must report their economic, environmental and social impacts.

The GRI Standards are structured in three universal standards (GRI 1, 2 and 3) and a series of topic standards for the environment (GRI 300), social matters (GRI 400) and the economy (GRI 200).

What is a GRI sustainability report?

The GRI sustainability report is the report that sets out an organization’s most significant environmental, social and governance impacts, prepared in line with the GRI Standards.

It includes the materiality analysis, a description of the organization, policies and commitments, quantitative and qualitative indicators for each material topic, and the GRI index with the disclosure requirements covered.

What is the difference between GRI and CSRD/ESRS?

GRI is a voluntary international framework (although increasingly mandatory indirectly) that focuses on the company’s impact on its surroundings (impact materiality). The ESRS are the mandatory European standards under the CSRD Directive, which apply the principle of double materiality (impact and financial).

  • GRI has a longer track record and wider global adoption.
  • The ESRS are more demanding and more detailed on some topics.
  • GRI and the ESRS are closely aligned: much GRI data can be reused for CSRD reporting.
  • EFRAG and GRI have published an interoperability guide between the two frameworks.
Which GRI Standards are mandatory?

GRI 1, GRI 2 and GRI 3 are the universal standards that are mandatory for any organization claiming conformity with the GRI Standards. They form the basis of reporting: foundations, general disclosures about the organization and the materiality process.

In addition, for each material topic identified in the GRI 3 analysis, the organization must apply the corresponding topic standard (for example, GRI 305 for emissions, GRI 401 for employment, GRI 405 for diversity and equal opportunity).

How does GRI materiality analysis work?

The materiality process under GRI 3 requires you to:

  • Identify the organization’s actual and potential impacts (positive and negative) on the economy, the environment and people.
  • Prioritize the most significant impacts through a process that includes the stakeholders’ perspective.
  • Select the material topics and the applicable GRI Standards to report on each one.
  • Document the process and justify the decisions taken.

Unlike CSRD double materiality, the GRI approach is mainly one of impact materiality (inside-out), although it is complemented by the financial perspective.

Can SMEs report under GRI?

Yes. GRI has developed GRI for SMEs (a simplified standard for small and medium-sized enterprises), which allows them to prepare a sustainability report proportionate to their size and resources.

Reporting under GRI voluntarily is a competitive advantage for SMEs: it eases access to sustainable finance, improves their position in tenders and lets them answer the ESG questionnaires of large customers subject to the CSDDD or the CSRD.

Is external verification of the GRI report mandatory?

Under the GRI Standards themselves, external verification is not mandatory, but it is recommended and increasingly requested by investors and customers. GRI distinguishes between limited assurance and reasonable assurance.

By contrast, under the CSRD, external verification of the ESRS sustainability report is mandatory. If your company expects the CSRD obligation to apply, preparing the GRI report to verification standards from the start significantly reduces the effort of adapting later.

How does GRI relate to the UN SDGs?

GRI keeps an official correspondence with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Each GRI topic standard is linked to one or more SDGs, which makes it easier to report the company’s contribution to the 2030 Agenda.

  • The GRI report can include a mapping of the material topics to the relevant SDGs.
  • GRI and the UNGC (UN Global Compact) publish joint guidance on integrating both frameworks.
  • Reporting under GRI and linking the results to the SDGs strengthens the sustainability narrative for investors and stakeholders.

A practical guide to preparing a GRI report

A quality GRI sustainability report is not a once-a-year document: it is the result of a data management system, a rigorous materiality process and sustainability governance that works all year round.

GRI 300 — Environmental

Environment and climate

GHG emissions (GRI 305), energy (GRI 302), water (GRI 303), biodiversity (GRI 304), waste (GRI 306) and environmental compliance (GRI 307). Quantitative data with units and methodology.

GRI 400 — Social

People and labor relations

Employment (GRI 401), health and safety (GRI 403), training (GRI 404), diversity and equal opportunity (GRI 405), human rights, local communities and customer well-being.

GRI 200 — Economic

Economic performance and governance

Economic performance (GRI 201), market presence (GRI 202), indirect economic impacts (GRI 203), anti-corruption (GRI 205) and anti-competitive behavior (GRI 206).

Checklist: 10 steps to prepare a GRI report

  1. Define the scope and the reporting period: organizational boundaries, period covered and level of conformity with GRI (with reference to the GRI Standards).
  2. Identify key stakeholders: which interest groups are relevant and how they will be consulted in the materiality process.
  3. Carry out the materiality analysis (GRI 3): identify current and potential impacts, prioritize them and select the material topics.
  4. Select the GRI topic standards that apply to each material topic identified.
  5. Design the data collection system: owners, sources, methodology and frequency for each GRI indicator.
  6. Collect the quantitative and qualitative data for each disclosure requirement of the selected GRI Standards.
  7. Draft the impact management report for each material topic: policies, commitments, actions and results.
  8. Build the GRI index: a table showing where in the report each applicable disclosure requirement can be found.
  9. Put the report through internal review and, where appropriate, external verification by an independent third party.
  10. Publish the report, notify GRI (optional) and review the process for the next cycle, building in improvements.

If you need help with your GRI report, see our ESG compliance services or request a free consultation.

GRI in practice

GRI reporting: from policy to verifiable data

An effective GRI sustainability report requires traceable data, a documented materiality process and governance that works all year round. These are the operating blocks we design and oversee.

GRI materiality and stakeholders1) GRI materiality

GRI 3 materiality process

Identify and prioritize the topics with the greatest actual or potential impact on the economy, the environment and people. This defines which GRI Standards apply to your company.

  • Stakeholder mapping
  • Identification of impacts
  • Prioritization and selection of topics
GRI indicators and data2) GRI data

Collecting GRI indicators

Set up reliable collection systems for each GRI indicator: emissions, energy, water, employment, diversity, human rights and economic performance. Data quality and traceability.

  • Indicators by GRI Standard
  • Methodology and boundaries
  • Traceability and review
GRI value chain and suppliers3) Value chain

GRI and supply chain management

Extend GRI reporting to the value chain: supplier assessment against ESG criteria, sustainability questionnaires and impact management for strategic suppliers.

  • GRI 308 and GRI 414
  • Supplier questionnaires
  • Improvement plans
GRI by type of companyBy type of company

GRI reporting level for your profile

Large company

Full GRI report + transition to CSRD/ESRS. External verification recommended or mandatory.

SME

GRI for SMEs or a simplified report. Voluntary, or required by CSDDD/CSRD customers.

Financial sector

GRI + SFDR + EU Taxonomy. Reporting integrated with TCFD and PAI for asset managers and banks.

GRI playbook

GRI Standards: what each series requires

GRI Standard
What it requires
Typical evidence

GRI 1 (Foundation)

The basis of the GRI system: how to use the Standards, reporting principles, the materiality process and the statement of use.

Statement of use of the GRI Standards, reference to the level of conformity and the reporting period.

GRI 2 (General Disclosures)

Information about the organization: activities, employees, value chain, governance, strategy, policies and commitments.

Description of the organization, governance structure, sustainability policies and the stakeholder consultation process.

GRI 3 (Material Topics)

Materiality process: identify impacts, prioritize them and select the material topics. Management of each material topic.

Documentation of the materiality process, list of material topics, justification and management policies for each topic.

GRI 300 (Environmental)

Environmental indicators: materials, energy, water, biodiversity, emissions, waste, environmental compliance.

Quantitative data on emissions (Scope 1/2/3), energy and water consumption and waste generation, with methodology.

GRI 400 (Social)

Social indicators: employment, labor relations, health and safety, training, diversity, human rights, communities.

Workforce data, accidents, training hours, gender pay gap, human rights assessments.

Warning signs in your GRI reporting

If you recognize any of these situations, it is worth reviewing how you prepare your GRI sustainability report.

  • You have not documented the materiality process or the criteria for selecting material topics.
  • Environmental and social data have no defined methodology, boundaries or traceability.
  • The GRI index does not cover all the disclosure requirements of the applicable standards, or there are unjustified omissions.
  • The report has not been through internal review and is not ready for external verification.
  • There is no alignment between your GRI reporting and the upcoming CSRD/ESRS obligations.
Glossary

Key GRI and sustainability concepts

If you are preparing a GRI sustainability report, these terms come up in the Standards, in verification processes and in day-to-day reporting.

GRIFramework

Global Reporting Initiative

An independent international organization that has developed the world’s most widely used sustainability reporting standards. The GRI Standards are the reference framework for preparing sustainability reports.

Founded in 1997. More than 10,000 organizations report under GRI worldwide.
GRI 1Universal

GRI Foundation

A universal standard that sets out the purpose and system of the GRI Standards, the reporting principles (materiality, completeness, accuracy, comparability, verifiability and timeliness) and how to state use of the Standards.

Mandatory for any organization that claims conformity with GRI.
GRI 2Universal

General Disclosures

A standard that requires information about the organization: activities, employees, value chain, governance structure, strategy, policies, practices and sustainability commitments.

Mandatory. Includes information on the board and its oversight of sustainability.
GRI 3Universal

Material Topics

A standard that sets out the process for identifying material topics: identifying current and potential impacts (positive and negative), prioritizing them and reporting how the organization manages each material topic.

The basis of the GRI materiality process. Mandatory together with GRI 1 and GRI 2.
GRI indexReporting

GRI content index

A table showing, for each applicable GRI disclosure requirement, where the information can be found in the sustainability report. It is the element that allows conformity with the GRI Standards to be verified.

Mandatory to state use of the GRI Standards. It can be published on the website.
GRI 305Environmental

Emissions

The GRI Standard for reporting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions: Scope 1 (direct), Scope 2 (indirect, from energy) and Scope 3 (the rest of the value chain). Includes emissions intensity and reductions.

One of the GRI Standards most requested by investors and customers.
GRI materialityProcess

Impact materiality

Under GRI, a topic is material if it represents a significant impact of the organization on the economy, the environment or people. The perspective is mainly one of impact (inside-out), unlike CSRD double materiality.

The GRI 3 materiality process must be documented and reviewed periodically.
GRI for SMEsSMEs

GRI Standard for SMEs

A simplified GRI reporting framework designed for small and medium-sized enterprises. It allows a sustainability report proportionate to the organization’s size and resources, with a reduced number of disclosures.

Launched in 2023. Compatible with the universal GRI Standards.
GRI + ESRSAlignment

GRI-ESRS interoperability

EFRAG and GRI have published an interoperability guide that maps the equivalences between the GRI disclosure requirements and the ESRS. It lets companies that already report under GRI reuse data to comply with the CSRD.

Key to planning the transition from GRI to CSRD/ESRS without duplicating effort.

GRI REPORTING CONSOLE

GRI panel: applicability of the Standards by type of company

The level of demand of GRI reporting varies with the company’s size, whether it is listed and its sector. This panel summarizes the main GRI Standards and how far they apply.

GRI applicability matrix by type of company

Find out which GRI Standards are most relevant to your business profile.

Standard
Large company
SME
Financial sector
GRI 1, 2 and 3
MandatoryUniversal basis
RecommendedGRI for SMEs
MandatoryUniversal basis
GRI 300 (Environmental)
ApplicableBased on materiality
SelectiveMaterial topics
PartialGRI 305 key
GRI 400 (Social)
ApplicableBased on materiality
SelectiveEmployment and human rights
ApplicableGRI 401, 405

Book a call

Tell us about your situation and we will explain how to prepare your GRI sustainability report in a practical way, aligned with the CSRD.

GRI and Sustainability: The World’s Most Widely Used Reporting Framework

The GRI Standards (Global Reporting Initiative) are the international reference framework for preparing sustainability reports. More than 10,000 organizations in over 100 countries publish their sustainability reports every year following the GRI Standards, which makes them the common language of ESG reporting worldwide.

The GRI 2021 Standards: The Most Important Update

In 2021, GRI published a significant update to its universal standards: GRI 1 (Foundation), GRI 2 (General Disclosures) and GRI 3 (Material Topics). The update strengthened the impact-based materiality process, introduced new governance requirements and aligned the framework with the international due diligence standards of the UN and the OECD. From 2023, organizations that claim conformity with GRI must use the GRI 2021 Standards.

GRI and the CSRD Directive: Interoperability and Transition

The CSRD Directive and the ESRS (European Sustainability Reporting Standards) share many principles and requirements with the GRI Standards. EFRAG and GRI have published an official interoperability guide that maps the equivalences between the GRI disclosure requirements and the ESRS. Companies that already report under GRI have a significant advantage in the move to CSRD reporting: they can reuse existing data, processes and structures.

GRI for SMEs: Sustainability Reporting for Small and Medium-Sized Companies

In 2023, GRI launched GRI for SMEs, a sustainability reporting standard designed specifically for small and medium-sized enterprises. This simplified standard lets SMEs prepare a sustainability report proportionate to their resources, covering the most relevant environmental, social and governance topics. It is especially useful for SMEs that are part of the value chain of large companies subject to the CSDDD or the CSRD.

Verifying the GRI Report

Although external verification of the GRI report is not mandatory under the GRI Standards themselves, it is increasingly requested by investors, lenders and customers. GRI distinguishes between limited assurance (a less exhaustive review) and reasonable assurance (a higher level of verification). By contrast, under the CSRD, verification of the ESRS report is legally mandatory. Preparing the GRI report to verification standards from the start makes it easier to adapt to the CSRD framework later.

GRI GRI Sustainability GRI Report GRI Standards GRI 2021 GRI for SMEs CSRD ESRS